Implements for spreading powdered or granular materials over the ground



Jan. 23, 1968 c. VAN DER LELY ET AL 3,365,103

IMPLEMENTS FOR SPREADING POWDERED OR GRANULAR MATERIALS OVER THE GROUNDOriginal Filed Dec. 13, 1962 Y 5 SheetsSheet 1 mvzmoas ()O/P/VELISgfflow MN 1250 law J orgy 5 Jan. 23, 1968 c. VAN DERLELY ET AL MATERIALSOVER Original Filed Dec. 13, 1962 THE GROUND 42 a: 67 v 65 43 59 66 5 555/" 5 g 14 L56 INVENTORS COkNEL Sf JQ fiddfir, 402

Jan. 23, 1968 c. VAN DER LELY ET AL 3,365,103-

IMPLEMENTS FOR SPREADING POWDERED OR GRANULAR MATERIALS OVER THE GROUNDOriginal Filed Dec. 15, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 wad/'02, z%%

3,365,103 POWDERED OR GRANULAR THE GROUND Jan. 23,1968

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 C. VAN DER LELY E AL IMPLEMENTS FOR SPREADING MATERIALSOVER Original Filed Dec. 15, 1962 mvzm'ons m vANzJER LELY BY COPNELIS AJan. 23, 1968 VAN DER LELY ET AL 3,365,103

IMPLEMENTS FOR SPREADING POWDERED OR GRANULAR MATERIALS OVER THE GROUNDOriginal Filed Dec. 15, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 mvsm'ons Copwa/s/ 79wvA/vozplay United States Patent ()fitice 3,365,163 Patented Jan. 23,1968 IMPLEMENT S FOR SPREADING POWDERED R GRANULAR MATERIALS OVER THEGROUND Cornelis van der Lely, Zug, Switzerland, and Ary van der Lely,Maasland, Netherlands, assignors to C. van der Lely N.V., Maasland,Netherlands, a Dutch limitedliability company Original application Dec.13, 1962, Ser. No. 244,313, now Patent No. 3,218,083, dated Nov. 16,1965. Divided and this application Nov. 12, 1965, Ser. No. 507,482

8 Claims. (Cl. 222-176) This application is a division of applicationSer. No. 244,313, filed Dec. 13, 1962 (now Patent No. 3,218,083, datedNov. 16, 1965), which application discloses an implement for spreadingpowdered or granular materials over the ground. The implement comprisesa frame movable over the ground, a hopper adapted to contain material tobe spread, a spreader located adjacent an outlet of the hopper. Inparticular, the present invention is concerned with an agitator designedto extend along the bottom of the hopper. The agitator is preferably oneor more helical members arranged so that its longitudinal axis will movethe powdered materials to an outlet in the hopper.

In application Ser. No. 244,313 the agitator, comprising helicalmembers, has its longitudinal axis substantia ly parallel to thelongitudinal axis of the bottom of the hopper. The helical members areflexible relative to the driving shaft so that the amount of materialurged to the outlet is varied depending on the consistency or resistanceof the material to be spread.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a helical member inthe hopper of a spreader implement which member will vary the amount ofmaterial supplied to the hopper outlet depending on the resistanceencountered by the member.

The foregoing and other objects will be apparent from the following:

FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of the implement accord ing to theinvention,

FIGURE 2 is a side elevation of an implement,

FIGURE 3 corresponds to FIGURE 1 but shows the implement with certainparts thereof removed,

FIGURE 4 is a section, to an enlarged scale, taken on the line IVIV ofFIGURE 3,

FIGURE 5 is a section, to an enlarged scale, taken on the line V-V ofFIGURE 2,

FIGURE 6 is a section, to an enlarged scale, taken on the line VI-VI ofFIGURE 2,

FIGURE 7 is a section, to an enlarged scale, taken on the line VII-VIIof FIGURE 2,

FIGURE 8 is a section, taken on the line VIIIVIII of FIGURE 7,

FIGURE 9 is a view, to an enlarged scale, as seen in the directionindicated by the arrow IX of FIGURE 1,

FIGURE 10 is a section, to an enlarged scale, taken on the line XX ofFIGURE 1.

Referring to the drawings, the implement has a frame which is generallyindicated by the reference numeral 1 and upon which a hopper, generallyindicated by the reference numeral 2, is mounted. The hopper 2 isadapted to contain a quantity of powdered or granular material, such,for example, as artificial fertiliser, which is to be spread over theground. A spreading member generally indicated by the reference numeral3 is located beneath the hopper 2 and towards the rear end thereof withrespect to the intended direction of travel 138 (FIGURE 1) of theimplement. The frame 1 includes two main frame beams 4 and 5 (FIGURE 3)which are of symmertically identical construction. The beam 4 has threeportions 6, 7 and 8 and the beam 5 three portions 9, 10 and 11.

The portions 6 and 9 converge forwardly of the implemerit and theportions 8 and 11 converge rearwardly of the implement whereas theportions 7 and 10 extend parallel to one another. The leadin ends of theportions 6 and 9 are secured to one another by a forked bracket 12 whosehorizontally disposed limbs are formed with vertically aligned holes 13.The rearmost ends of the portions 8 and 11 are interconnected by a beam14 which comprises two straight portions 15 and 16 integrallyinterconnected by a gently'curved portion 17. As can be seen in FIGURE3, the beam 14 has approximately the shape of a rounded V when seen inplan.

Relatively short beams 18 and 19 of channel-shaped cross-section arefastened to the two portions 7 and 10 ot the beams 4 and 5 respectively(see FIGURES 2, 4 and 10), the non-rotatable axle 20 of two groundwheels 21 and 22 being connected to these beams. The axle 20 has twofiat strips 23 welded or otherwise secured to it, these strips beingfastened to the lowermost sides of the beams 18 and 19 respectively withthe aid of bolts 24 (see FIG- URES 4 and 10). Hopper supports 25 and 26of symmetrically identical construction are also fastened to the beams18 and 19 and in view of the identical construction, only the support 26will be described in detail. The support 26 comprises a horizontallydisposed strip 27 which is fastened to the uppermost side of the beam 19with the aid of the same bolts 24 as are used to secure one of thestrips 23 to the lowermost side of that beam. Two beams 28 and 29project upwardly in divergent relationship from opposite ends of thestrip 27 and are interconnected at their uppermost ends by a strip 30 ofL shaped cross-section. The hopper 2 rests on the strips 30 of thesupports 25 and 26 and, to this end, has strips 32 and 33 (see FIGURES2, 9 and 10) fastened to its opposite sides with the aid of bolts 33. Itwill be apparent from FIGURE 10 0f the drawings that, when the hopper 2is in position on the implement, the limbs of the strips 30 fit betweenthe limbs of the strips 31 and 32 respectively.

The hopper 2 has opposite side surfaces 34 and 35 whose lowermost edgesare interconnected by an approximately cylindrical curved bottom 36 (seeFIGURE 9), the surfaces 34 and 35 are diverging relative to each otherfrom their lower sides to their uppersides. The leading edges of thesurfaces 34 and 35 are interconnected by a front plate 37 and therearmost edges are similarly interconnected by a rear plate 38. Thewidth of the plate 37 is less than the width of the plate 38 so that, aswill be evident from FIGURE 2, the hopper 2 decreases gently in widthfrom its rear end to its front end. Moreover, as is evident from FIGURE2, the bottom 36 of the hopper 2 slopes downwardly from the front to therear thereof whereas the uppermost edge of the hopper is approximatelyhorizontally disposed. The front plate 37 is extending obliquelydownwardly and rearwardly, whereas the rear plate 38 is extendingobliquely downwardly and forwardly. The uppermost edges of the rearplate 38 is provided with a rim 39 which is bent over inwardly of thehopper. Similar rims 4t) and 41 are provided along the uppermost edgesof the side surfaces 34 and 35 respectively but these rims taper towardsthe front of the hopper in such a way that they merge with therespective side surfaces 34 and 35 at the points where the uppermostedges of these surfaces meet the uppermost edge of the plate 37.

A hole is formed in the bottom 36 of the hopper 2 at the lowermost endthereof and a cylindrical outlet I10Z- zle 42 projects downwardly fromthe said hole. The spreading member 3 (FIGURE 4) is arranged beneath thenozzle 42 and is mounted on the uppermost end of a substantiallyvertical shaft 43 that is journalled in a gear casing 44.

The gear casing 44 contains two meshing bevel gears (not visible in thedrawings) one of which is fastened to the shaft 43 and the other ofwhich is fastened to an input shaft 71 which is approximatelyhorizontally disposed and whose leading splined or otherwise keyed endprojects forwardly of the implement from the gear casing. The spreadingmember 3 itself comprises a central disc 55 which is bolted to a platecarried by the shaft 43 and six curved spreading arms 56 which areequally spaced around the circumference of the disc 55. As can be seenin FIGURE 4, the disc 55 is spaced below the outlet nozzle 42, anannulus 57 which surrounds the lowermost end of the said nozzle bearingagainst the disc 55 around a central raised portion of that disc whichprevents substantial lateral movements of the annulus 57 relativethereto. The annulus 57 is provided with outlet ports 58 through whichthe powdered or granular material contained in the hopper 2 can reachthe spreading member 3. The annulus 57 is prevented from turning withthe disc 55 when the spreading member 3 is in use by means of an arm 59which projects approximately radially from the annulus and whose freeend is provided with a downwardly directed pin 66 (FIGURE 3) that can beentered in any one of a number of holes 61 formed in a strip 62 to fixthe annulus 57 in a corresponding angular setting about the axis ofrotation of the spreading member 3. The strip 62 is of L-shapedcross-section and has its opposite ends bolted to lugs 63 and 64projecting from the beams 29 of the hopper supports 25 and 26respectively. The strip 62 has a curved extension 69 which is formedwith a number of further holes 70 into any one of which the pin 60 canbe entered.

The annulus 57 is surrounded by a ring 65 which bears upon lugsprojecting from the said annulus, the ring 65 carrying a number ofmasking plates 66 each of which is arranged to co-operate with acorresponding one of the outlet ports 58. An arm 67 projectsapproximately radially of the ring 65 and its free end is provided witha clamp 68 (FIGURE 2) which is not shown in detail but which can beemployed to releasably secure the arm 67 to the strip 62 or to itsextension 69 so that the masking plates 66 will occupy correspondingangular settings about the axis of rotation of the shaft 43. It will beapparent that, in dependence upon ther elative angular settings of theoutlet ports 58 and masking plates 66 about the said axis of rotation,the outlet ports 58 will be open to a greater or lesser extent.

The input shaft 71 of the gear casing 44 is connected to one end of atransmission shaft 72 by a universal joint 73 (FIGURE 2) of the Hooketype. The opposite end of the transmission shaft 72 is connected to ashaft 74 (FIGURE which affords the output shaft of a transmission casing75 (FIGURES 2 and 5). The casing 75 comprising a supporting member 75Aand a closing plate 75B. The connection between the shafts 72 and 74 isafforded by a sleeve 76 which is rigidly secured to the end of the shaft72 and into the open end of which the shaft 74 is entered. A smalltransverse pin 77 is entered through matching holes formed in the shaft74 and in the wall of the sleeve 76. The lowermost end of thetransmission casing 75 is bolted to a beam 79 of L-shaped cross-sectionwhich beam, as can be seen in FIGURE 3, interconnects the portions 6 and9 of the main frame beams 4 and 5 adjacent the forked bracket 12.

The transmission casing 75 contains transmission members that arearranged to drive an agtitator which is generally indicated by referencenummeral 80 (FIGURE 1). The agitator 80 is disposed internally of thehopper 2 and extends between the plates 37 and 38 immediately above thebottom 36. The output shaft 74 of the transmission casing 75 has asplined or keyed end 73 which projects forwardly of the said casing andaffords the input shaft thereof. The input and output shafts of thetransmission casing 75 are thus integral, the input shaft afforded bythe end 78 being intended to be connected to the power take-oft shaft ofa tractor or other propelling vehicle by means of an independenttransmission shaft provided with suitable universal joints. The shaft 74carries a sprocket 81 which is linked by an endless chain 82 to afurther larger sprocket 83 mounted on a sleeve 84 which is turnableabout a bolt 84A extending between the walls of the casing approximatelycentrally thereof. A further smaller sprocket 85 is secured to thesleeve 84 alongside the sprocket S3 and is connected by an endless chain86 to a further larger sprocekt S7 fastened to the end of a shaft 83which is journalled in a bearing 89 secured to one of the walls of thetransmission casing 75 towards the upper end thereof. The shaft 88extends between the transmission casing 75 and the inner side of thefront plate 37 of the hopper 2. The end of the shaft 88 located withinthe hopper 2 has a coupling member 90 secured to it with the aid of atransverse pin 91 (see FIG- URE 6). The coupling member 90 has 15cup-shaped head 92 which is formed with a square recess 93 whose centrecoincides with the longitudinal axis of the shaft 88. The shaft 88 andthe surrounding coupling member 91) are entered through a hole 94 formedin the front plate 37 of the hopper 2, the edges of the hole 94 beingsealed by means of a rubber or other flexible washer 95 clamped to theinner side of the plate 37 with the aid of an annular late 96 and aseries of small bolts 96A.

The agitator 84 is comprised by a tube 97 (FIGURES 1 and 6 to 8) towhich tube six helical springs 98 are fastened. The end of the tube 97which faces the shaft 88 has a square recess 93 of the head 92 in such away that relative rotation between the tube 97 and the shaft 88 isprevented. The opposite end of the tube 97 which is disposed adjacentthe rear plate 38 of the hopper 2 has a blind ring 100 securedinternally thereof, the said 100 carrying a three-sided coupling member191 (FIGURES 7 and 8) whose three sides define a recess 102 that is openin the direction of the fourth and missing side of the coupling member101. A square projection 103 formed at one end of a hollow shaft 164 isentered in the recess 102 and is engaged by the sides of the couplingmember 101 in such a way as to prevent relative rotation therebetween.The end of the shaft 104 remote from the square projection 103 isrotatably journalled in a ball bearing 105. The body of the ball bearing105 incorporates an apertured lug 106 which is fastened by bolts 117 toa strip 107 which is itself secured to the rear plate 38 of the hopper 2at the same level as the rearmost ends of the strips 31 and 32.

The hollow interior 108 of the shaft 10 accommodates a pin 109 which isprovided at its rearmost end with a handle in the form of an eye 110. Aportion of the shank of the pin 109 which adjoins the eye 110 is locatedwithin a recess 111 formed internally of the shaft 1124 and of greaterdiameter than the coaxial hollow interior or bore 108. The recess 111accommodates a helical spring 112 which is Wound round the said portionof the shank of the pin 109 and which bears between a collar 113 fixedto the shank of the pin 109 and a Washer 114 which surrounds the shankbut is not secured thereto. As can be seen in FIGURE 7, the washer 114itself bears against a resilient washer or the like 114A whose radiallyoutermost edge is entered in a groove formed just inside the mouth ofthe recess 111. It will be apparent that the spring 111 acts to urge thetip 115 of the pin 109 into engagement with the blind hole 116 of thering 190. The end of the hollow shaft 104 remote from the tube 97 hastwo diametrically opposed slots 118 and 119 cut in its cylindrical wall,these slots accommodating portions of the eye 110 when the pin 109occupies the position shown in FIGURE 7. It will be apparent that thisposition is such that the eye 111 is located sufficiently clear of theball bearing 165 to enable it to be readily accessible. The shaft 194 isentered through a hole 120 formed in the rear plate 38 of the hopper,this hole being sealed with the aid of members 121, 122 and 122A whichare substantially identical to the members 95, 96 and 96A that havepreviously been described.

The six helical springs 98 which surround the tube 97 are made of springsteel and have only those ends thereof which are remote from the nozzle42 secured to the said tube. Each spring 98 has a diameter 123(FIGURE 1) which is approximately one-and-a-half times the pitch 124 ofa single turn of the spring. Each spring has approximatelytwo-and-a-half turns and the mounting thereof is such that the free endcan move along the bottom 36 of the hopper 2 in a directionsubstantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube 97. The end125 (FIGURE 8) of each spring 98 which is remote from the nozzle 42 isclamped between a plate 126 fastened to the tube 97 and a furtherseparate plate 127 by a bolt 128. Each of the springs 98 extends overapproximately one-sixth of the length of the bottom 36 of the hopper 2and each spring, with the exception of the rearmost one, has its freeend located adjacent the fixed end of a neighbouring spring.

The rear side of the transmission casing 75 has a horizontal bar 129(FIGURES 5 and 9) secured to it whilst the leading ends of the twostrips 31 and 32 have transverse plates 130 and 131 respectivelyfastened to them. Registering holes are formed in the opposite ends ofthe bar 129 and in the plates 130 and 131 and bolts 132 and 133respectively are entered through these holes to secure the front end ofthe hopper 2 to the transmission casing 75. The curved portion 17 of thebeam 14 has a vertical sleeve 134 (FIGURE 4) secured to its rearmostside. A U-shaped bracket 135 is arranged around the beam 14 and is fixedin position by a bolt 136 entered through holes formed in its limbs andthrough the sleeve 134. The free ends of the limbs of the bracket 135are formed with a pair of vertically aligned holes 137 through which alocking pin can be entered to connect the draw-bar of a cart or the liketo the rear of the implement. The cart may, for example, be used totransport a bulk supply of powdered or granular material intended to be.placed in the hopper 2.

In the use of the implement, the forked bracket 12 is connected to thetow-bar or the like of a tractor or other propelling vehicle whilst theinput shaft 78 of the transmission casing 75 is connected by anindependent transmission shaft to the power take-off shaft of thetractor or other vehicle. The implement can then be moved over theground in the direction indicated by the arrow 138 in FIGURE 1 with thespreading member 3 rotating about the longitudinal axis of the shaft '43and the agitator 80 rotating about the longitudinal axis of the tube 97.It will be apparent from FIGURE 5 that the speed of rotation of theshaft 88 and tube 97 is much less than the speed of rotation of theshaft 72. Upon bringing the annulus 57 and ring 65 to relative settingsin which the outlet ports 58 are more or less open, powdered or granularmaterial from the hopper 2 will be ejected from the spreading member 3by virtue of the centrifugal force transmitted to it by rotation of thelatter. The particular hole 61 or 70 which is chosen to co-operate withthe pin 60 carried by the arm 59 will determine the angular settings ofthe outlet ports 58 about the axis of rotation of the spreading member 3and thus the location of the strip of ground upon which the powdered orgranular material will fall relative to the path of travel of theimplement. In most cases, the arm 59 will be adjusted in such a way thatthe powdered or granular material will fall to the rear over a widestrip extending at both sides of the implement or over a strip extendingsubstantially to one side of the implement. The quantity of material perunit time of operation or, assuming a constant speed of travel, thequantity of material per unit area of the land traversed, is controlledby adjusting the arm 67 relative to the arm 59 to bring the maskingplates 66 carried by the ring 65 to ap propriate settings relative tothe outlet ports 58. The chosen setting is maintained by tightening theclamp 68.

The direcion of rotation of the springs 98 and the pitch 124 thereof issuch that the powdered or granular material contained in the hopper isurged gently towards the outlet nozzle 42, the material being lossenedand/or broken up at the same time. Since the springs 98 are movable to asubstantially extent in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe tube 97, the said springs take up configurations which match theresistance to their movement which is offered by the material containedin the hopper 2. This arrangement prevents the springs from exerting anexcessive or dividing pressure upon the material. The variation in thepitch 124 of the springs 98 during use of the implement also varies theforce which the springs exert on the material to move the materialtowards the outlet nozzle 42.

The agitator can be removed readily from the hopper 2 by withdrawing thepin 109 against the action of the spring 112 and turning it throughabout about its own longitudinal axis so that the eye comes out ofregister with the slots 118 and 119. The pin 109 will then beautomatically retained in a position in which its tip is withdrawn fromthe blind hole 116 of the ring 100. As will be evident from FIGURES 7and 8, the coupling member 161 can then be lifted off the projection 103of the shaft 104 whilst the square plate 99, whose edges are rounded,can readily be withdrawn from the square interior 93 of the couplingmember 90. The agitator 80 can then be lifted out of the hopper 2 whichgreatly faciliates the cleaning of both the agitator and the hopper. Theuse of the agitaor 80 is undesirable with certain powdered and granularmaterials and, when such materials are to be spread, the agitator isleft out of the hopper.

The relatively large hopper 2 has a height which is approximatelyone-third of its length and a width which is approximately half itslength, the capacity of the hopper being conveniently about 1,000litres.

The height of the frame 1 above the ground may be changed by connectingthe axle 20 to the said frame in a dilierent manner. The strips 23which, as can be seen in FIGURE 4, are fastened to the lowermost sidesof the beams 18 and 19, can, instead, be inverted and placed on top ofthe strips 27 between the beams 28 and 29. Upon replacing the bolts 24,the axle 20 will be secured in a position in which it lies above themain frame beams 4 and 5 instead of below them. The frame 1 is thusdisplaced downwardly relative to the levels of the ground wheels 21 and22 which is conducive, in the case of certain materials, to theefficient operation of the implement.

It will be apparent that the large size of the hopper 2 and theconstruction and arrangement of its supporting frame 1 provides animplement which is particularly suitable for spreading powdered orgranular materials over relatively large areas since recharging of thehopper 2 with a fresh supply of material is required at much lessfrequent intervals than is necessary in the case of a conventionalspreading implement. The construction and arrangement of the hoppersupports 25 and 2 6 enables the hopper 2 to be mounted on, or removedfrom, the frame without difiiculty when required.

What we claim is:

1. A container mounted on a carriage, said container comprising anoblong hopper, said hopper being V-shaped in cross section and having adownwardly extending outlet and a sloping rear side, said rear sidesloping downwardly in a forward direction towards said outlet, a rimextending above said rear side, said rim sloping upwardly in a directionopposite to the slope of said rear side, said rim extending at leastpartly around the upper edge of said hopper, said carriage having anelongated, substantially horizontal frame member, said member havingupright elements for supporting said hopper above said carriage, saidelements being located adjacent and forwardly with respect to saidoutlet, a further supporting element on said frame member supporting theforward end of said hopper, strengthening means sustaining the longsides of said hopper, ground wheels supporting said carriage near saidupright elements, said upright elements being located directly abovesaid ground wheels whereby the weight of said hopper can be fulcrumedabout the axle sustaining said ground wheels.

2. The hopper of claim 1, wherein the forward end of said hopper has afront side, said front side sloping in a direction opposite to thesloping direction of said rear side.

3. The hopper of claim 1, wherein the bottom of said hopper slopes tothe rear in a direction towards said outlet and the rim extendssubstantially horizontal.

4. The hopper of claim 1, wherein the ground wheels are locatedcompletely below the bottom of the hopper.

5. The hopper of claim 1, wherein the hopper is releasably connected tothe carriage.

6. The hopper of claim 1, wherein the strengthening means comprises arim and said upright elements are connected to said rim.

7. The hopper of claim 1, wherein the hopper tapers from its rear sidetowards its front side.

8. The hopper of claim 7, wherein the hopper tapers towards its frontside when seen in plan, view.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,538,886 1/1951 Skibbe et a1.275-2 2,564,255 8/1951 Haydock 2758 2,954,235 9/1960 Parker 2758 X3,218,023 11/1965 Van der Lely et at 2756 2,079,061 5/ 1937 Zuckerman2751 2,564,255 8/1951 Haydock 275-8 2,813,704 11/1957 MacKissic 259-93,041,076 6/1962 Van der Lely et al. 275-8 FOREIGN PATENTS 112,656 3/1941 Australia.

OTHER REFERENCES German printed application No. 1,048,061, December1958.

ABRAHAM G. STONE, Primary Examiner.

l. R. OAKS, Assistant Examiner.

1. A CONTAINER MOUNTED ON A CARRIAGE, SAID CONTAINER COMPRISING ANOBLONG HOPPER, SAID HOPPER BEING V-SHAPED IN CROSS SECTION AND HAVING ADOWNWARDLY EXTENDING OUTLET AND A SLOPING REAR SIDE, SAID REAR SIDESLOPING DOWNWARDLY IN A FORWARD DIRECTION TOWARDS SAID OUTLET, A RIMEXTENDING ABOVE SAID REAR SIDE, SAID RIM SLOPING UPWARDLY IN A DIRECTIONOPPOSITE TO THE SLOPE OF SAID REAR SIDE, SAID RIM EXTENDING AT LEASTPARTLY AROUND THE UPPER EDGE OF SAID HOPPER, SAID CARRIAGE HAVING ANELONGATED, SUBSTANTIALLY HORIZONTALLY FRAME MEMBER, SAID MEMBER HAVINGUPRIGHT ELEMENTS FOR SUPPORTING SAID HOPPER ABOVE SAID CARRIAGE, SAIDELEMENTS BEING LOCATED ADJACENT AND FORWARDLY WITH RESPECT TO SAIDOUTLET, A FURTHER SUPPORTING ELEMENT ON SAID FRAME MEMBER SUPPORTING THEFORWARD END OF SAID HOPPER, STRENGTHENING MEANS SUSTAINING THE LONGSIDES OF SAID HOPPER, GROUND WHEELS SUPPORTING SAID CARRIAGE NEAR SAIDUPRIGHT ELEMENTS, SAID UPRIGHT ELEMENTS BEING LOCATED DIRECTLY ABOVESAID GROUND WHEELS WHEREBY THE WEIGHT OF SAID HOPPER CAN BE FULCRUMEDABOUT THE AXLE SUSTAINING SAID GROUND WHEELS.